optools/ref/python.tips_tricks_and_dirt...

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This is a collection of snippets that I tend to use frequently, or would need
in the future.
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To programmatically import a list of modules by name:
_____
import importlib
mods = ['os', 'sys', 'shutil', 'platform']
for m in mods:
globals()[m] = importlib.import_module(m)
_____
you can then use them as if you did:
import os
import sys
import shutil
import platform
etc.
this breaks pep-8, but sometimes you need to programmatically import modules.
ref: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/#imports
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To programmatically install modules via pip if they aren't installed (BROKEN IN RECENT PIP VERSIONS; pip._internal.main() i think):
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import importlib
import pip
# I don't *think* pip/pypi is case-sensitive, but frequently module names are
# not the same as their package names. ugh.
# The key is the package name, the value is the module name. We use the above
# trick here to try to import and install if it fails.
mods = {'PyMySQL': 'pymysql',
'Jinja2': 'jinja2',
'psutil': None, # We show off a little bit here with this, see below.
'paramiko': None} # ""
for m in mods.keys():
modname = mods[m]
if not modname:
modname = m
try:
globals()[modname] = importlib.import_module(modname)
except ImportError:
# We use --user to avoid conflicts with the host's python system.
# pip.main() accepts all of pip (commandline)'s args!
pip.main(['install', '--user', m])
try:
globals()[modname] = importlib.import_module(modname)
except ImportError:
raise RuntimeError('Unable to install {0}!'.format(m))
____
###############################################################################
To convert an argparse set of parsed arguments into a dict from a class, you
simply do:
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def GenArgs():
args = argparse.ArgumentParser()
# args here
return(args)
def somefunc():
args = vars(GenArgs().parse_args())
____
"args" in somefunc is a dict now.
###############################################################################
To dynamically allocate class parameters into constants from a dict (such as
from argparse - see above), do something like this:
____
class ClassName(object):
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
for i in kwargs.keys():
setattr(self, i, kwargs[i])
----
###############################################################################
To store stdout and stderr to different files in a subprocess call:
----
with open('/tmp/test.o', 'w') as out, open('/tmp/test.e', 'w') as err:
subprocess.run(['command'], stdout = out, stderr = err)
----
###############################################################################
To use optools logging lib (or other "shared" modules):
----
import os
import re
import importlib
spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(
'logger',
'/opt/dev/optools/lib/python/logger.py')
logger = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
spec.loader.exec_module(logger)
log = logger.log(name = 'project.name')
----
###############################################################################
# TODO #
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10265193/python-can-a-class-act-like-a-module
###############################################################################
To issue an equivalent of "reset" command in linux, assuming console is ANSI-compat,
print('\x1bc', end = '')
###############################################################################
To get the default route via pyroute2,
----
import socket
from pyroute2 import IPDB
ip = IPDB()
def_rt = ip.routes['default'] # a route object
iface = ip.interfaces[def_rt.oif] # an interface object. name is e.g. iface.ifname, IPs are in tuple-of-tuples iface.ipaddr, etc.
gw = def_rt.gateway # etc.
ip.release()
----
###############################################################################