commit this WIP stuff to a feature branch

TODO

@@ -12,6 +12,17 @@
 - constants/vars for errors
 
 - func and struct to return segregated system-level env vars vs. user env vars (mostly usable on windows) (see envs/.TODO.go.UNFINISHED)
+-- https://www3.ntu.edu.sg/home/ehchua/programming/howto/Environment_Variables.html
+-- windows:
+--- https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/deployment/usmt/usmt-recognized-environment-variables
+--- https://pureinfotech.com/list-environment-variables-windows-10/
+--- https://gist.github.com/RebeccaWhit3/5dad8627b8227142e1bea432db3f8824
+--- https://ss64.com/nt/syntax-variables.html
+-- linux/XDG:
+--- https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/basedefs/xbd_chap08.html
+--- https://specifications.freedesktop.org/basedir-spec/basedir-spec-latest.html
+-- macOS:
+--- https://ss64.com/osx/syntax-env_vars.html
 
 - validator for windows usernames, domains, etc. (for *NIX, https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/435120/284004)
 -- https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/windows-server/identity/naming-conventions-for-computer-domain-site-ou

envs/.osenvs.WIP/TODO

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-macOS:
-HOME
-LOGNAME
-OLDPWD
-PATH
-PWD
-SHELL
-SHLVL
-SSH_CLIENT
-SSH_CONNECTION
-SSH_TTY
-TERM
-TMPDIR
-USER
-_
-e.g.
-HOME=/Users/bts
-LOGNAME=bts
-OLDPWD=/Users/bts
-PATH=/usr/local/bin:/System/Cryptexes/App/usr/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/var/run/com.apple.security.cryptexd/codex.system/bootstrap/usr/local/bin:/var/run/com.apple.security.cryptexd/codex.system/bootstrap/usr/bin:/var/run/com.apple.security.cryptexd/codex.system/bootstrap/usr/appleinternal/bin
-PWD=/Users/bts
-SHELL=/bin/zsh
-SHLVL=1
-SSH_CLIENT=192.168.2.99 39690 22
-SSH_CONNECTION=192.168.2.99 39690 192.168.2.148 22
-SSH_TTY=/dev/ttys000
-TERM=xterm-256color
-TMPDIR=/var/folders/qv/bm6dlyd94x5fs6qpkfpj0jsr0000gq/T/
-USER=bts
-_=/usr/bin/env

envs/.osenvs.WIP/doc.go

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-/*
-Package osenvs contains information (and, in some cases, defaults and associated methods) for
-[environment variables] ("env vars") as provided by/as part of the OS.
-
-[environment variables]: https://www3.ntu.edu.sg/home/ehchua/programming/howto/Environment_Variables.html
-*/
-package osenvs

envs/.osenvs.WIP/types.go

@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-package osenvs
-
-type (
-	/*
-		AppleEnv are default environment variables found in all macOS instances.
-
-		See also the [ss64 article].
-
-		macOS also has [POSIXEnv] env vars.
-
-		[ss64 article]: https://ss64.com/osx/syntax-env_vars.html
-	*/
-	AppleEnv string
-	/*
-		MSEnv are default environment variables found in Windows instances.
-
-		These include:
-
-			* [USMT environment variables]
-			* ONLY the [Environment Variables] for Poweshell
-			** Thus no Powershell ["Automatic variables"] or ["Preference variables"]
-			* standard system environment variables and user environment variables
-
-		See also the [ss64 article] and the [compiled Windows 10 list] and [Windows 10/11 list].
-
-		[USMT environment variables]: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/deployment/usmt/usmt-recognized-environment-variables
-		[Environment Variables]: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_environment_variables?view=powershell-7.5
-		["Automatic variables"]: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_automatic_variables
-		["Preference variables"]: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_preference_variables
-		[ss64 article]: https://ss64.com/nt/syntax-variables.html
-		[compiled Windows 10 list]: https://gist.github.com/RebeccaWhit3/5dad8627b8227142e1bea432db3f8824
-		[Windows 10/11 list]: https://pureinfotech.com/list-environment-variables-windows-10/
-	*/
-	MSEnv string
-	/*
-		POSIXEnv are environment variables defined by/in [POSIX.1-2024] § [8. Environment Variables].
-
-		[POSIX.1-2024]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9799919799/
-		[8. Environment Variables]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9799919799/basedefs/V1_chap08.html
-	*/
-	POSIXEnv string
-	/*
-		XDGEnv are environment variables defined by the [FreeDesktop] [spec] for the
-		[XDG Base Directory Specification] § [3 Environment Variables].
-
-		Generally these are only found/expected on Linux, and only a subset of them at that.
-
-		Linux also has [POSIXEnv] env vars.
-
-		[FreeDesktop]: https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/
-		[spec]: https://specifications.freedesktop.org/
-		[XDG Base Directory Specification]: https://specifications.freedesktop.org/basedir/latest/#variables
-		[3 Environment Variables]: https://specifications.freedesktop.org/basedir/latest/#variables
-	*/
-	XDGEnv string
-)

envs/consts.go

@@ -1,5 +1,22 @@
 package envs
 
+import (
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/process"
+	"r00t2.io/sysutils/internal"
+)
+
 var (
 	StructTagInterpolate string = "envsub"
 )
+
+var (
+	defEnv *StaticEnv = &StaticEnv{
+		dynamic: true,
+		self:    true,
+		// don't need a process.NewProcess since the only extra thing it does is check if the PID exists.
+		proc:    &process.Process{Pid: int32(os.Getpid())},
+		envVars: internal.EnvListToMap(os.Environ()),
+	}
+)

envs/funcs.go

@@ -1,17 +1,88 @@
 package envs
 
 import (
+	"math"
 	"os"
 	"reflect"
 	"strings"
-	"sync"
 
-	"r00t2.io/goutils/multierr"
-	"r00t2.io/goutils/structutils"
+	"github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/process"
 	"r00t2.io/sysutils/errs"
 	"r00t2.io/sysutils/internal"
 )
 
+/*
+Current returns a *copy* of the StaticEnv for this current process' environment.
+
+It is set to dynamically refresh with strictRefresh mode set to false.
+(see [NewEnvFromPid] docs for what these do/mean.)
+Assuming permissions haven't wildly gone silly during runtime, it shouldn't ever
+have issues with dynamic refreshing.
+It will never panic regardless.
+*/
+func Current() (s *StaticEnv) {
+
+	s = &StaticEnv{
+		dynamic: defEnv.dynamic,
+		envVars: defEnv.GetEnvMap(),
+	}
+	for k, v := range defEnv.envVars {
+		s.envVars[k] = v
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+/*
+NewEnvFromMap returns a [StaticEnv] from a fixed list of environment variables.
+This is primarily useful for mocking and other tests.
+*/
+func NewEnvFromMap(envMap map[string]string) (s *StaticEnv, err error) {
+
+	if envMap == nil {
+		err = errs.ErrNilPtr
+	}
+
+	s = &StaticEnv{
+		envVars: envMap,
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+/*
+NewEnvFromPid returns a [StaticEnv] from a given PID.
+
+If dynamicRefresh is true, the env vars will be refreshed from the process
+on every method call.
+Note that this will obviously cause errors/panics if the process it binds to disappears
+during runtime,
+or
+*/
+func NewEnvFromPid(pid uint, dynamicRefresh, strictRefresh bool) (s *StaticEnv, err error) {
+
+	if pid > math.MaxInt32 {
+		err = errs.ErrHighPid
+		return
+	}
+
+	s = &StaticEnv{
+		dynamic: dynamicRefresh,
+	}
+
+	if s.proc, err = process.NewProcess(int32(pid)); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if err = s.Refresh(); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	// Test the ability to attach to procs.
+	err = s.platChecks()
+	s.strict = strictRefresh
+
+	return
+}
+
 /*
 DefEnv operates like Python's .get() method on dicts (maps);
 if the environment variable specified by key does not exist/is not specified,
@@ -98,6 +169,18 @@ func GetEnvMap() (envVars map[string]string) {
 	return
 }
 
+// GetEnvMust wraps GetEnvErr but will panic on error.
+func GetEnvMust(key string) (value string) {
+
+	var err error
+
+	if value, err = GetEnvErr(key); err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
 /*
 GetEnvMapNative returns a map of all environment variables, but attempts to "nativize" them.
 All values are interfaces. It is up to the caller to typeswitch them to proper types.
@@ -331,312 +414,3 @@ func InterpolateString(s *string) (err error) {
 
 	return
 }
-
-// interpolateMap is used by [Interpolate] for maps. v should be a [reflect.Value] of a map.
-func interpolateMap(v reflect.Value) (err error) {
-
-	var kVal reflect.Value
-	var vVal reflect.Value
-	var newMap reflect.Value
-	var wg sync.WaitGroup
-	var numJobs int
-	var errChan chan error
-	var doneChan chan bool = make(chan bool, 1)
-	var mErr *multierr.MultiError = multierr.NewMultiError(nil)
-	var t reflect.Type = v.Type()
-	var kind reflect.Kind = t.Kind()
-
-	if kind != reflect.Map {
-		err = errs.ErrBadType
-		return
-	}
-
-	if v.IsNil() || v.IsZero() || !v.IsValid() {
-		return
-	}
-
-	numJobs = v.Len()
-	errChan = make(chan error, numJobs)
-	wg.Add(numJobs)
-
-	newMap = reflect.MakeMap(v.Type())
-
-	for _, kVal = range v.MapKeys() {
-		vVal = v.MapIndex(kVal)
-		go func(key, val reflect.Value) {
-			var mapErr error
-			var newKey reflect.Value
-			var newVal reflect.Value
-
-			newKey = reflect.New(key.Type()).Elem()
-			newVal = reflect.New(val.Type()).Elem()
-
-			newKey.Set(key.Convert(newKey.Type()))
-			newVal.Set(val.Convert(newVal.Type()))
-
-			defer wg.Done()
-
-			// key
-			if key.Kind() == reflect.String {
-				if mapErr = interpolateStringReflect(newKey); mapErr != nil {
-					errChan <- mapErr
-					return
-				}
-			} else {
-				if mapErr = interpolateValue(newKey); mapErr != nil {
-					errChan <- mapErr
-					return
-				}
-			}
-			// value
-			if val.Kind() == reflect.String {
-				if mapErr = interpolateStringReflect(newVal); mapErr != nil {
-					errChan <- mapErr
-					return
-				}
-			} else {
-				if mapErr = interpolateValue(newVal); mapErr != nil {
-					errChan <- mapErr
-					return
-				}
-			}
-
-			newMap.SetMapIndex(newKey.Convert(key.Type()), newVal.Convert(key.Type()))
-		}(kVal, vVal)
-	}
-
-	go func() {
-		wg.Wait()
-		close(errChan)
-		doneChan <- true
-	}()
-
-	<-doneChan
-
-	for i := 0; i < numJobs; i++ {
-		if err = <-errChan; err != nil {
-			mErr.AddError(err)
-			err = nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	if !mErr.IsEmpty() {
-		err = mErr
-		return
-	}
-
-	v.Set(newMap.Convert(v.Type()))
-
-	return
-}
-
-// interpolateSlice is used by [Interpolate] for slices and arrays. v should be a [reflect.Value] of a slice/array.
-func interpolateSlice(v reflect.Value) (err error) {
-
-	var wg sync.WaitGroup
-	var errChan chan error
-	var numJobs int
-	var doneChan chan bool = make(chan bool, 1)
-	var mErr *multierr.MultiError = multierr.NewMultiError(nil)
-	var t reflect.Type = v.Type()
-	var kind reflect.Kind = t.Kind()
-
-	switch kind {
-	case reflect.Slice:
-		if v.IsNil() || v.IsZero() || !v.IsValid() {
-			return
-		}
-	case reflect.Array:
-		if v.IsZero() || !v.IsValid() {
-			return
-		}
-	default:
-		err = errs.ErrBadType
-		return
-	}
-
-	numJobs = v.Len()
-	errChan = make(chan error, numJobs)
-	wg.Add(numJobs)
-
-	for i := 0; i < v.Len(); i++ {
-		go func(idx int) {
-			var sErr error
-
-			defer wg.Done()
-
-			if v.Index(idx).Kind() == reflect.String {
-				if sErr = interpolateStringReflect(v.Index(idx)); sErr != nil {
-					errChan <- sErr
-					return
-				}
-			} else {
-				if sErr = interpolateValue(v.Index(idx)); sErr != nil {
-					errChan <- sErr
-					return
-				}
-			}
-		}(i)
-	}
-
-	go func() {
-		wg.Wait()
-		close(errChan)
-		doneChan <- true
-	}()
-
-	<-doneChan
-
-	for i := 0; i < numJobs; i++ {
-		if err = <-errChan; err != nil {
-			mErr.AddError(err)
-			err = nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	if !mErr.IsEmpty() {
-		err = mErr
-		return
-	}
-
-	return
-}
-
-// interpolateStringReflect is used for structs/nested strings using reflection.
-func interpolateStringReflect(v reflect.Value) (err error) {
-
-	var strVal string
-
-	if v.Kind() != reflect.String {
-		err = errs.ErrBadType
-		return
-	}
-
-	if strVal, err = interpolateString(v.String()); err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-
-	v.Set(reflect.ValueOf(strVal).Convert(v.Type()))
-
-	return
-}
-
-// interpolateStruct is used by [Interpolate] for structs. v should be a [reflect.Value] of a struct.
-func interpolateStruct(v reflect.Value) (err error) {
-
-	var field reflect.StructField
-	var fieldVal reflect.Value
-	var wg sync.WaitGroup
-	var errChan chan error
-	var numJobs int
-	var doneChan chan bool = make(chan bool, 1)
-	var mErr *multierr.MultiError = multierr.NewMultiError(nil)
-	var t reflect.Type = v.Type()
-	var kind reflect.Kind = t.Kind()
-
-	if kind != reflect.Struct {
-		err = errs.ErrBadType
-		return
-	}
-
-	numJobs = v.NumField()
-	wg.Add(numJobs)
-	errChan = make(chan error, numJobs)
-
-	for i := 0; i < v.NumField(); i++ {
-		field = t.Field(i)
-		fieldVal = v.Field(i)
-
-		go func(f reflect.StructField, fv reflect.Value) {
-			var fErr error
-
-			defer wg.Done()
-
-			if fErr = interpolateStructField(f, fv); fErr != nil {
-				errChan <- fErr
-				return
-			}
-		}(field, fieldVal)
-	}
-
-	go func() {
-		wg.Wait()
-		close(errChan)
-		doneChan <- true
-	}()
-
-	<-doneChan
-
-	for i := 0; i < numJobs; i++ {
-		if err = <-errChan; err != nil {
-			mErr.AddError(err)
-			err = nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	if !mErr.IsEmpty() {
-		err = mErr
-		return
-	}
-
-	return
-}
-
-// interpolateStructField interpolates a struct field.
-func interpolateStructField(field reflect.StructField, v reflect.Value) (err error) {
-
-	var parsedTagOpts map[string]bool
-
-	if !v.CanSet() {
-		return
-	}
-
-	// Skip if explicitly instructed to do so.
-	parsedTagOpts = structutils.TagToBoolMap(field, StructTagInterpolate, structutils.TagMapTrim)
-	if parsedTagOpts["-"] {
-		return
-	}
-
-	if v.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
-		err = interpolateStructField(field, v.Elem())
-	} else {
-		err = interpolateValue(v)
-	}
-
-	return
-}
-
-// interpolateValue is a dispatcher for a reflect value.
-func interpolateValue(v reflect.Value) (err error) {
-
-	var kind reflect.Kind = v.Kind()
-
-	switch kind {
-	case reflect.Ptr:
-		if v.IsNil() || v.IsZero() || !v.IsValid() {
-			return
-		}
-		v = v.Elem()
-		if err = interpolateValue(v); err != nil {
-			return
-		}
-	case reflect.String:
-		if err = interpolateStringReflect(v); err != nil {
-			return
-		}
-		return
-	case reflect.Slice, reflect.Array:
-		if err = interpolateSlice(v); err != nil {
-		}
-	case reflect.Map:
-		if err = interpolateMap(v); err != nil {
-			return
-		}
-	case reflect.Struct:
-		if err = interpolateStruct(v); err != nil {
-			return
-		}
-	}
-
-	return
-}

envs/funcs_staticenv.go

@@ -0,0 +1,697 @@
+package envs
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+
+	"r00t2.io/goutils/multierr"
+	"r00t2.io/goutils/structutils"
+	"r00t2.io/sysutils/errs"
+	"r00t2.io/sysutils/internal"
+)
+
+/*
+DefEnv operates like Python's .get() method on dicts (maps);
+if the environment variable specified by key does not exist/is not specified,
+then the value specified by fallback will be returned instead
+otherwise key's value is returned.
+*/
+func (s *StaticEnv) DefEnv(key, fallback string) (value string) {
+
+	var exists bool
+
+	if value, exists = os.LookupEnv(key); !exists {
+		value = fallback
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+// DefEnvBlank is like [DefEnv] but will ADDITIONALLY/ALSO apply fallback if key is *defined/exists but is an empty string*.
+func (s *StaticEnv) DefEnvBlank(key, fallback string) (value string) {
+
+	value = DefEnv(key, fallback)
+	if value == "" {
+		value = fallback
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+// GetEnvErr returns the value of key if it exists. If it does not exist, err will be an [EnvErrNoVal].
+func (s *StaticEnv) GetEnvErr(key string) (value string, err error) {
+
+	var exists bool
+
+	if value, exists = os.LookupEnv(key); !exists {
+		err = &EnvErrNoVal{
+			VarName: key,
+		}
+		return
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+/*
+GetEnvErrNoBlank behaves exactly like [GetEnvErr] with the
+additional stipulation that the value must not be empty.
+
+An error for a value that is non-empty but whitespace only (e.g. VARNM="\t")
+can be returned if ignoreWhitespace == true.
+
+(If it is, an [EnvErrNoVal] will also be returned.)
+*/
+func (s *StaticEnv) GetEnvErrNoBlank(key string, ignoreWhitespace bool) (value string, err error) {
+
+	var exists bool
+	var e *EnvErrNoVal = &EnvErrNoVal{
+		VarName:             key,
+		WasRequiredNonEmpty: true,
+		IgnoreWhitespace:    ignoreWhitespace,
+	}
+
+	if value, exists = os.LookupEnv(key); !exists {
+		err = e
+		return
+	} else {
+		e.WasFound = true
+		e.WasWhitespace = (strings.TrimSpace(value) == "") && (value != "")
+		if ignoreWhitespace && e.WasWhitespace {
+			err = e
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+// GetEnvMap returns a map of all environment variables. All values are strings.
+func (s *StaticEnv) GetEnvMap() (envVars map[string]string) {
+
+	var envList []string = os.Environ()
+
+	envVars = internal.EnvListToMap(envList)
+
+	return
+}
+
+/*
+GetEnvMapNative returns a map of all environment variables, but attempts to "nativize" them.
+All values are interfaces. It is up to the caller to typeswitch them to proper types.
+
+Note that the PATH/Path environment variable (for *Nix and Windows, respectively) will be
+a []string (as per [GetPathEnv]). No other env vars, even if they contain [os.PathListSeparator],
+will be transformed to a slice or the like.
+If an error occurs during parsing the path env var, it will be rendered	as a string.
+
+All number types will attempt to be their 64-bit version (i.e. int64, uint64, float64, etc.).
+
+If a type cannot be determined for a value, its string form will be used
+(as it would be found in [GetEnvMap]).
+*/
+func (s *StaticEnv) GetEnvMapNative() (envMap map[string]interface{}) {
+
+	var stringMap map[string]string = GetEnvMap()
+
+	envMap = internal.NativizeEnvMap(stringMap)
+
+	return
+}
+
+/*
+GetFirst gets the first instance if populated/set occurrence of varNames.
+
+For example, if you have three potential env vars, FOO, FOOBAR, FOOBARBAZ,
+and want to follow the logic flow of:
+
+	1.) Check if FOO is set. If not,
+	2.) Check if FOOBAR is set. If not,
+	3.) Check if FOOBARBAZ is set.
+
+Then this would be specified as:
+
+	GetFirst([]string{"FOO", "FOOBAR", "FOOBARBAZ"})
+
+If val is "" and ok is true, this means that one of the specified variable names IS
+set but is set to an empty value. If ok is false, none of the specified variables
+are set.
+
+It is a thin wrapper around [GetFirstWithRef].
+*/
+func (s *StaticEnv) GetFirst(varNames []string) (val string, ok bool) {
+
+	val, ok, _ = GetFirstWithRef(varNames)
+
+	return
+}
+
+/*
+GetFirstWithRef behaves exactly like [GetFirst], but with an additional returned value, idx,
+which specifies the index in varNames in which a set variable was found. e.g. if:
+
+	GetFirstWithRef([]string{"FOO", "FOOBAR", "FOOBAZ"})
+
+is called and FOO is not set but FOOBAR is, idx will be 1.
+
+If ok is false, idx will always be -1 and should be ignored.
+*/
+func (s *StaticEnv) GetFirstWithRef(varNames []string) (val string, ok bool, idx int) {
+
+	idx = -1
+
+	for i, vn := range varNames {
+		if HasEnv(vn) {
+			ok = true
+			idx = i
+			val = os.Getenv(vn)
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+// GetPathEnv returns a slice of the PATH variable's items.
+func (s *StaticEnv) GetPathEnv() (pathList []string, err error) {
+
+	if pathList, err = internal.GetPathEnv(); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+/*
+GetPidEnvMap will only work on *NIX-like systems with procfs.
+It gets the environment variables of a given process' PID.
+*/
+func (s *StaticEnv) GetPidEnvMap(pid uint32) (envMap map[string]string, err error) {
+
+	if envMap, err = internal.GetPidEnvMap(pid); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+/*
+GetPidEnvMapNative returns a map of all environment variables (like [GetEnvMapNative]), but attempts to "nativize" them.
+All values are interfaces. It is up to the caller to typeswitch them to proper types.
+
+See the documentation for [GetEnvMapNative] for details.
+*/
+func (s *StaticEnv) GetPidEnvMapNative(pid uint32) (envMap map[string]interface{}, err error) {
+
+	var stringMap map[string]string
+
+	if stringMap, err = internal.GetPidEnvMap(pid); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	envMap = internal.NativizeEnvMap(stringMap)
+
+	return
+}
+
+/*
+HasEnv is much like [os.LookupEnv], but only returns a boolean indicating
+if the environment variable key exists or not.
+
+This is useful anywhere you may need to set a boolean in a func call
+depending on the *presence* of an env var or not.
+*/
+func (s *StaticEnv) HasEnv(key string) (envIsSet bool) {
+
+	_, envIsSet = os.LookupEnv(key)
+
+	return
+}
+
+/*
+Interpolate takes one of:
+
+  - a string (pointer only)
+  - a struct (pointer only)
+  - a map (applied to both keys *and* values)
+  - a slice
+
+and performs variable substitution on strings from environment variables.
+
+It supports both UNIX/Linux/POSIX syntax formats (e.g. $VARNAME, ${VARNAME}) and,
+if on Windows, it *additionally* supports the EXPAND_SZ format (e.g. %VARNAME%).
+
+For structs, the tag name used can be changed by setting the [StructTagInterpolate]
+variable in this submodule; the default is `envsub`.
+If the tag value is "-", the field will be skipped.
+For map fields within structs etc., the default is to apply interpolation to both keys and values.
+All other tag value(s) are ignored.
+
+For maps and slices, Interpolate will recurse into values (e.g. [][]string will work as expected).
+
+If s is nil, no interpolation will be performed. No error will be returned.
+If s is not a valid/supported type, no interpolation will be performed. No error will be returned.
+*/
+func (s *StaticEnv) Interpolate(inStr any) (err error) {
+
+	var ptrVal reflect.Value
+	var ptrType reflect.Type
+	var ptrKind reflect.Kind
+	var sVal reflect.Value = reflect.ValueOf(inStr)
+	var sType reflect.Type = sVal.Type()
+	var kind reflect.Kind = sType.Kind()
+
+	switch kind {
+	case reflect.Ptr:
+		if sVal.IsNil() || sVal.IsZero() || !sVal.IsValid() {
+			return
+		}
+		ptrVal = sVal.Elem()
+		ptrType = ptrVal.Type()
+		ptrKind = ptrType.Kind()
+		if ptrKind == reflect.String {
+			err = s.interpolateStringReflect(ptrVal)
+		} else {
+			// Otherwise, it should be a struct ptr.
+			if ptrKind != reflect.Struct {
+				return
+			}
+			err = s.interpolateStruct(ptrVal)
+		}
+	case reflect.Map:
+		if sVal.IsNil() || sVal.IsZero() || !sVal.IsValid() {
+			return
+		}
+		err = s.interpolateMap(sVal)
+	case reflect.Slice:
+		if sVal.IsNil() || sVal.IsZero() || !sVal.IsValid() {
+			return
+		}
+		err = s.interpolateSlice(sVal)
+		/*
+			case reflect.Struct:
+				if sVal.IsZero() || !sVal.IsValid() {
+					return
+				}
+				err = interpolateStruct(sVal)
+
+		*/
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+/*
+InterpolateString takes (a pointer to) a struct or string and performs variable substitution on it
+from environment variables.
+
+It supports both UNIX/Linux/POSIX syntax formats (e.g. $VARNAME, ${VARNAME}) and,
+if on Windows, it *additionally* supports the EXPAND_SZ format (e.g. %VARNAME%).
+
+If s is nil, nothing will be done and err will be [errs.ErrNilPtr].
+
+This is a standalone function that is much more performant than [Interpolate]
+at the cost of rigidity.
+*/
+func (s *StaticEnv) InterpolateString(inStr *string) (err error) {
+
+	var newStr string
+
+	if inStr == nil {
+		err = errs.ErrNilPtr
+		return
+	}
+
+	if newStr, err = interpolateString(*inStr); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	*inStr = newStr
+
+	return
+}
+
+/*
+Refresh refreshes the current environment.
+
+This is called automatically on all other methods if
+the [StaticEnv] was allocated with `dynamic` set to true.
+*/
+func (s *StaticEnv) Refresh() (err error) {
+
+	var ev []string
+
+	if !s.self && s.proc == nil {
+		// NO-OP; static mapping
+		return
+	}
+
+	if s.self {
+		ev = os.Environ()
+	} else if s.proc != nil {
+		if ev, err = s.proc.Environ(); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+	s.envVars = internal.EnvListToMap(ev)
+
+	return
+}
+
+/*
+Set sets variable key to value.
+
+This only works under the following conditions:
+
+  - [SetEnv] was created from [NewEnvFromMap]
+  - [SetEnv] is from [Current]
+  - [SetEnv] is from [NewEnvFromPid] *and*
+    this process has PTRACE permissions/capabilities on/for
+    the target PID's process.
+*/
+func (s *StaticEnv) Set(key string, value string) {
+
+	var err error
+
+	s.lock.Lock()
+	defer s.lock.Unlock()
+
+	s.envVars[key] = value
+	if s.proc != nil {
+		if err = s.setProcVal(key, value); err != nil && s.strict {
+			panic(err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+// interpolateMap is used by [Interpolate] for maps. v should be a [reflect.Value] of a map.
+func (s *StaticEnv) interpolateMap(v reflect.Value) (err error) {
+
+	var kVal reflect.Value
+	var vVal reflect.Value
+	var newMap reflect.Value
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	var numJobs int
+	var errChan chan error
+	var doneChan chan bool = make(chan bool, 1)
+	var mErr *multierr.MultiError = multierr.NewMultiError(nil)
+	var t reflect.Type = v.Type()
+	var kind reflect.Kind = t.Kind()
+
+	if kind != reflect.Map {
+		err = errs.ErrBadType
+		return
+	}
+
+	if v.IsNil() || v.IsZero() || !v.IsValid() {
+		return
+	}
+
+	numJobs = v.Len()
+	errChan = make(chan error, numJobs)
+	wg.Add(numJobs)
+
+	newMap = reflect.MakeMap(v.Type())
+
+	for _, kVal = range v.MapKeys() {
+		vVal = v.MapIndex(kVal)
+		go func(key, val reflect.Value) {
+			var mapErr error
+			var newKey reflect.Value
+			var newVal reflect.Value
+
+			newKey = reflect.New(key.Type()).Elem()
+			newVal = reflect.New(val.Type()).Elem()
+
+			newKey.Set(key.Convert(newKey.Type()))
+			newVal.Set(val.Convert(newVal.Type()))
+
+			defer wg.Done()
+
+			// key
+			if key.Kind() == reflect.String {
+				if mapErr = s.interpolateStringReflect(newKey); mapErr != nil {
+					errChan <- mapErr
+					return
+				}
+			} else {
+				if mapErr = s.interpolateValue(newKey); mapErr != nil {
+					errChan <- mapErr
+					return
+				}
+			}
+			// value
+			if val.Kind() == reflect.String {
+				if mapErr = s.interpolateStringReflect(newVal); mapErr != nil {
+					errChan <- mapErr
+					return
+				}
+			} else {
+				if mapErr = s.interpolateValue(newVal); mapErr != nil {
+					errChan <- mapErr
+					return
+				}
+			}
+
+			newMap.SetMapIndex(newKey.Convert(key.Type()), newVal.Convert(key.Type()))
+		}(kVal, vVal)
+	}
+
+	go func() {
+		wg.Wait()
+		close(errChan)
+		doneChan <- true
+	}()
+
+	<-doneChan
+
+	for i := 0; i < numJobs; i++ {
+		if err = <-errChan; err != nil {
+			mErr.AddError(err)
+			err = nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !mErr.IsEmpty() {
+		err = mErr
+		return
+	}
+
+	v.Set(newMap.Convert(v.Type()))
+
+	return
+}
+
+// interpolateSlice is used by [Interpolate] for slices and arrays. v should be a [reflect.Value] of a slice/array.
+func (s *StaticEnv) interpolateSlice(v reflect.Value) (err error) {
+
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	var errChan chan error
+	var numJobs int
+	var doneChan chan bool = make(chan bool, 1)
+	var mErr *multierr.MultiError = multierr.NewMultiError(nil)
+	var t reflect.Type = v.Type()
+	var kind reflect.Kind = t.Kind()
+
+	switch kind {
+	case reflect.Slice:
+		if v.IsNil() || v.IsZero() || !v.IsValid() {
+			return
+		}
+	case reflect.Array:
+		if v.IsZero() || !v.IsValid() {
+			return
+		}
+	default:
+		err = errs.ErrBadType
+		return
+	}
+
+	numJobs = v.Len()
+	errChan = make(chan error, numJobs)
+	wg.Add(numJobs)
+
+	for i := 0; i < v.Len(); i++ {
+		go func(idx int) {
+			var sErr error
+
+			defer wg.Done()
+
+			if v.Index(idx).Kind() == reflect.String {
+				if sErr = s.interpolateStringReflect(v.Index(idx)); sErr != nil {
+					errChan <- sErr
+					return
+				}
+			} else {
+				if sErr = s.interpolateValue(v.Index(idx)); sErr != nil {
+					errChan <- sErr
+					return
+				}
+			}
+		}(i)
+	}
+
+	go func() {
+		wg.Wait()
+		close(errChan)
+		doneChan <- true
+	}()
+
+	<-doneChan
+
+	for i := 0; i < numJobs; i++ {
+		if err = <-errChan; err != nil {
+			mErr.AddError(err)
+			err = nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !mErr.IsEmpty() {
+		err = mErr
+		return
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+// interpolateStringReflect is used for structs/nested strings using reflection.
+func (s *StaticEnv) interpolateStringReflect(v reflect.Value) (err error) {
+
+	var strVal string
+
+	if v.Kind() != reflect.String {
+		err = errs.ErrBadType
+		return
+	}
+
+	if strVal, err = interpolateString(v.String()); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	v.Set(reflect.ValueOf(strVal).Convert(v.Type()))
+
+	return
+}
+
+// interpolateStruct is used by [Interpolate] for structs. v should be a [reflect.Value] of a struct.
+func (s *StaticEnv) interpolateStruct(v reflect.Value) (err error) {
+
+	var field reflect.StructField
+	var fieldVal reflect.Value
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	var errChan chan error
+	var numJobs int
+	var doneChan chan bool = make(chan bool, 1)
+	var mErr *multierr.MultiError = multierr.NewMultiError(nil)
+	var t reflect.Type = v.Type()
+	var kind reflect.Kind = t.Kind()
+
+	if kind != reflect.Struct {
+		err = errs.ErrBadType
+		return
+	}
+
+	numJobs = v.NumField()
+	wg.Add(numJobs)
+	errChan = make(chan error, numJobs)
+
+	for i := 0; i < v.NumField(); i++ {
+		field = t.Field(i)
+		fieldVal = v.Field(i)
+
+		go func(f reflect.StructField, fv reflect.Value) {
+			var fErr error
+
+			defer wg.Done()
+
+			if fErr = s.interpolateStructField(f, fv); fErr != nil {
+				errChan <- fErr
+				return
+			}
+		}(field, fieldVal)
+	}
+
+	go func() {
+		wg.Wait()
+		close(errChan)
+		doneChan <- true
+	}()
+
+	<-doneChan
+
+	for i := 0; i < numJobs; i++ {
+		if err = <-errChan; err != nil {
+			mErr.AddError(err)
+			err = nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !mErr.IsEmpty() {
+		err = mErr
+		return
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+// interpolateStructField interpolates a struct field.
+func (s *StaticEnv) interpolateStructField(field reflect.StructField, v reflect.Value) (err error) {
+
+	var parsedTagOpts map[string]bool
+
+	if !v.CanSet() {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Skip if explicitly instructed to do so.
+	parsedTagOpts = structutils.TagToBoolMap(field, StructTagInterpolate, structutils.TagMapTrim)
+	if parsedTagOpts["-"] {
+		return
+	}
+
+	if v.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		err = s.interpolateStructField(field, v.Elem())
+	} else {
+		err = s.interpolateValue(v)
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+// interpolateValue is a dispatcher for a reflect value.
+func (s *StaticEnv) interpolateValue(v reflect.Value) (err error) {
+
+	var kind reflect.Kind = v.Kind()
+
+	switch kind {
+	case reflect.Ptr:
+		if v.IsNil() || v.IsZero() || !v.IsValid() {
+			return
+		}
+		v = v.Elem()
+		if err = s.interpolateValue(v); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	case reflect.String:
+		if err = s.interpolateStringReflect(v); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		return
+	case reflect.Slice, reflect.Array:
+		if err = s.interpolateSlice(v); err != nil {
+		}
+	case reflect.Map:
+		if err = s.interpolateMap(v); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	case reflect.Struct:
+		if err = s.interpolateStruct(v); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	return
+}

envs/funcs_staticenv_nix.go

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+//go:build !(windows || plan9 || wasip1 || js || ios)
+
+package envs
+
+import (
+	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
+)
+
+func (s *StaticEnv) platChecks() (err error) {
+
+	if s.proc != nil && !s.self {
+		// Check for ptrace caps/perms
+		if err = unix.PtraceAttach(int(s.proc.Pid)); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		if err = unix.PtraceDetach(int(s.proc.Pid)); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+func (s *StaticEnv) setProcVal(key, value string) (err error) {
+
+	if s.self {
+		if err = unix.Setenv(key, value); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	} else {
+		if err = unix.PtraceAttach(int(s.proc.Pid)); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		if err = unix.PtraceDetach(int(s.proc.Pid)); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+func (s *StaticEnv) unsetProcVal(key string) (err error) {
+
+	err = unix.Unsetenv(key)
+
+	return
+}

envs/funcs_staticenv_windows.go

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+//go:build windows
+
+package envs
+
+import (
+	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
+)
+
+func (s *StaticEnv) platChecks() (err error) {
+
+	return
+}
+
+func (s *StaticEnv) setProcVal(key, value string) (err error) {
+
+	err = windows.Setenv(key, value)
+
+	return
+}
+
+func (s *StaticEnv) unsetProcVal(key string) (err error) {
+
+	err = windows.Unsetenv(key)
+
+	return
+}

envs/types.go

@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
 package envs
 
+import (
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/process"
+)
+
 type (
 	/*
 		EnvErrNoVal is an error containing the variable that does not exist
@@ -17,4 +23,19 @@ type (
 		// WasWhitespace is true if the value was whitespace-only.
 		WasWhitespace bool `json:"was_ws" toml:"WasWhitespace" yaml:"Was Whitespace Only" xml:"wasWhitespace,attr"`
 	}
+
+	/*
+		StaticEnv is an environment variable mapping that duplicates the normal functions of the standalone functions
+		but can be used for other processes, mock tests, etc.
+
+		(The standalone functions actually perform the same functions on the default StaticEnv as returned from [Current].)
+	*/
+	StaticEnv struct {
+		dynamic bool
+		strict  bool
+		envVars map[string]string
+		self    bool
+		proc    *process.Process
+		lock    sync.RWMutex
+	}
 )

go.mod

@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
 module r00t2.io/sysutils
 
-go 1.25
+go 1.24.5
 
 require (
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1
 	github.com/djherbis/times v1.6.0
 	github.com/google/shlex v0.0.0-20191202100458-e7afc7fbc510
 	github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v3 v3.24.5
-	github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4 v4.25.11
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.19.0
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.39.0
+	github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4 v4.25.10
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.17.0
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.37.0
 	honnef.co/go/augeas v0.0.0-20161110001225-ca62e35ed6b8
-	r00t2.io/goutils v1.14.0
+	r00t2.io/goutils v1.10.3
 )
 
 require (
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/lufia/plan9stats v0.0.0-20251013123823-9fd1530e3ec3 // indirect
 	github.com/power-devops/perfstat v0.0.0-20240221224432-82ca36839d55 // indirect
 	github.com/shoenig/go-m1cpu v0.1.7 // indirect
-	github.com/tklauser/go-sysconf v0.3.16 // indirect
-	github.com/tklauser/numcpus v0.11.0 // indirect
+	github.com/tklauser/go-sysconf v0.3.15 // indirect
+	github.com/tklauser/numcpus v0.10.0 // indirect
 	github.com/yusufpapurcu/wmi v1.2.4 // indirect
 )

go.sum

@@ -19,31 +19,31 @@ github.com/power-devops/perfstat v0.0.0-20240221224432-82ca36839d55 h1:o4JXh1EVt
 github.com/power-devops/perfstat v0.0.0-20240221224432-82ca36839d55/go.mod h1:OmDBASR4679mdNQnz2pUhc2G8CO2JrUAVFDRBDP/hJE=
 github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v3 v3.24.5 h1:i0t8kL+kQTvpAYToeuiVk3TgDeKOFioZO3Ztz/iZ9pI=
 github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v3 v3.24.5/go.mod h1:bsoOS1aStSs9ErQ1WWfxllSeS1K5D+U30r2NfcubMVk=
-github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4 v4.25.11 h1:X53gB7muL9Gnwwo2evPSE+SfOrltMoR6V3xJAXZILTY=
-github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4 v4.25.11/go.mod h1:EivAfP5x2EhLp2ovdpKSozecVXn1TmuG7SMzs/Wh4PU=
+github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4 v4.25.10 h1:at8lk/5T1OgtuCp+AwrDofFRjnvosn0nkN2OLQ6g8tA=
+github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4 v4.25.10/go.mod h1:+kSwyC8DRUD9XXEHCAFjK+0nuArFJM0lva+StQAcskM=
 github.com/shoenig/go-m1cpu v0.1.7 h1:C76Yd0ObKR82W4vhfjZiCp0HxcSZ8Nqd84v+HZ0qyI0=
 github.com/shoenig/go-m1cpu v0.1.7/go.mod h1:KkDOw6m3ZJQAPHbrzkZki4hnx+pDRR1Lo+ldA56wD5w=
 github.com/shoenig/test v1.7.0 h1:eWcHtTXa6QLnBvm0jgEabMRN/uJ4DMV3M8xUGgRkZmk=
 github.com/shoenig/test v1.7.0/go.mod h1:UxJ6u/x2v/TNs/LoLxBNJRV9DiwBBKYxXSyczsBHFoI=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1 h1:7s2iGBzp5EwR7/aIZr8ao5+dra3wiQyKjjFuvgVKu7U=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1/go.mod h1:wZwfW3scLgRK+23gO65QZefKpKQRnfz6sD981Nm4B6U=
-github.com/tklauser/go-sysconf v0.3.16 h1:frioLaCQSsF5Cy1jgRBrzr6t502KIIwQ0MArYICU0nA=
-github.com/tklauser/go-sysconf v0.3.16/go.mod h1:/qNL9xxDhc7tx3HSRsLWNnuzbVfh3e7gh/BmM179nYI=
-github.com/tklauser/numcpus v0.11.0 h1:nSTwhKH5e1dMNsCdVBukSZrURJRoHbSEQjdEbY+9RXw=
-github.com/tklauser/numcpus v0.11.0/go.mod h1:z+LwcLq54uWZTX0u/bGobaV34u6V7KNlTZejzM6/3MQ=
+github.com/tklauser/go-sysconf v0.3.15 h1:VE89k0criAymJ/Os65CSn1IXaol+1wrsFHEB8Ol49K4=
+github.com/tklauser/go-sysconf v0.3.15/go.mod h1:Dmjwr6tYFIseJw7a3dRLJfsHAMXZ3nEnL/aZY+0IuI4=
+github.com/tklauser/numcpus v0.10.0 h1:18njr6LDBk1zuna922MgdjQuJFjrdppsZG60sHGfjso=
+github.com/tklauser/numcpus v0.10.0/go.mod h1:BiTKazU708GQTYF4mB+cmlpT2Is1gLk7XVuEeem8LsQ=
 github.com/yusufpapurcu/wmi v1.2.4 h1:zFUKzehAFReQwLys1b/iSMl+JQGSCSjtVqQn9bBrPo0=
 github.com/yusufpapurcu/wmi v1.2.4/go.mod h1:SBZ9tNy3G9/m5Oi98Zks0QjeHVDvuK0qfxQmPyzfmi0=
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internal/mem/consts.go

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+package mem

internal/mem/funcs.go

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package mem
+
+import (
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"unsafe"
+
+	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
+)
+
+func getStdRIP(r *unix.PtraceRegs) (rip uint64) {
+
+	return
+}
+
+func getRIP(r *unix.PtraceRegs) uint64 {
+	// amd64
+	if binary.Size(unix.PtraceRegs{}) == 216 {
+		return r.Rip
+	}
+	// arm64
+	type regsArm64 struct{ Regs [18]uint64 }
+	return (*regsArm64)(unsafe.Pointer(r)).Regs[16] // PC
+}
+
+func setRIP(r *unix.PtraceRegs, v uint64) *unix.PtraceRegs {
+	if binary.Size(unix.PtraceRegs{}) == 216 {
+		r.Rip = v
+	} else {
+		type regsArm64 struct{ Regs [18]uint64 }
+		(*regsArm64)(unsafe.Pointer(r)).Regs[16] = v
+	}
+	return r
+}
+
+func getRSP(r *unix.PtraceRegs) uint64 {
+	if binary.Size(unix.PtraceRegs{}) == 216 {
+		return r.Rsp
+	}
+	type regsArm64 struct{ Regs [18]uint64 }
+	return (*regsArm64)(unsafe.Pointer(r)).Regs[17] // SP
+}
+
+func setRSP(r *unix.PtraceRegs, v uint64) *unix.PtraceRegs {
+	if binary.Size(unix.PtraceRegs{}) == 216 {
+		r.Rsp = v
+	} else {
+		type regsArm64 struct{ Regs [18]uint64 }
+		(*regsArm64)(unsafe.Pointer(r)).Regs[17] = v
+	}
+	return r
+}
+
+func setArg0(r *unix.PtraceRegs, v uint64) *unix.PtraceRegs {
+	if binary.Size(unix.PtraceRegs{}) == 216 {
+		r.Rdi = v
+	} else {
+		type regsArm64 struct{ Regs [18]uint64 }
+		(*regsArm64)(unsafe.Pointer(r)).Regs[0] = v // X0
+	}
+	return r
+}
+
+func setArg1(r *unix.PtraceRegs, v uint64) *unix.PtraceRegs {
+	if binary.Size(unix.PtraceRegs{}) == 216 {
+		r.Rsi = v
+	} else {
+		type regsArm64 struct{ Regs [18]uint64 }
+		(*regsArm64)(unsafe.Pointer(r)).Regs[1] = v // X1
+	}
+	return r
+}
+
+func setArg2(r *unix.PtraceRegs, v uint64) *unix.PtraceRegs {
+	if binary.Size(unix.PtraceRegs{}) == 216 {
+		r.Rdx = v
+	} else {
+		type regsArm64 struct{ Regs [18]uint64 }
+		(*regsArm64)(unsafe.Pointer(r)).Regs[2] = v // X2
+	}
+	return r
+}